ISA-IEC-62443 Tested & Approved ISA Cybersecurity Study Materials
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NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following is a cause for the increase in attacks on IACS?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Fewer personnel with system knowledge having access to IACS
- B. The move away from commercial off the shelf (COTS) systems, protocols, and networks
- C. Use of proprietary communications protocols
- D. Knowledge of exploits and tools readily available on the Internet
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 36
In a defense-in-depth strategy, what is the purpose of role-based access control?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Ensures that users correctly manage their username and password
- B. Ensures that users can access systems from remote locations
- C. Ensures that users can access only the functions they need for their job
- D. Ensures that users can access only certain devices on the network
Answer: C
Explanation:
Role-based access control (RBAC) is a method of restricting access to resources based on the roles of individual users within an organization. RBAC assigns permissions and responsibilities to roles, rather than to individual users, and then assigns users to those roles. This way, users can only perform the actions that are relevant and necessary for their role, and not access or modify any other resources that are beyond their scope of authority. RBAC is one of the security countermeasures that can be implemented in a defense-in-depth strategy, which is a layered approach to protect industrial automation and control systems (IACS) from cyber threats. RBAC can help prevent unauthorized access, misuse, or sabotage of IACS resources, as well as reduce the risk of human error or insider attacks.
References:
* ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2013, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-3: System security requirements and security levels, Clause 5.3.2.11
* ISA/IEC 62443-2-1:2010, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 2-1: Establishing an industrial automation and control systems security program, Clause 6.2.2.32
* ISA/IEC 62443-4-1:2018, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-1: Product security development life-cycle requirements, Clause 5.2.3.23
* ISA/IEC 62443-4-2:2019, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components, Clause 4.2.3.24
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which of the following is the underlying protocol for Ethernet/IP?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Highway Addressable Remote Transducer (HART)
- B. Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) for Process Control
- C. Common Industrial Protocol
- D. Building Automation and Control Network (BACnet)
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 38
Which of the following is an element of monitoring and improving a CSMS?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Significant changes in identified risk round in periodic reassessments
- B. Restricted access to the industrial control system to an as-needed basis
- C. Increase in staff training and security awareness
- D. Review of system logs and other key data files
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 39
Safety management staff are stakeholders of what security program development?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. SPRP
- B. CSA
- C. ERM
- D. CSMS
Answer: D
Explanation:
Safety management staff are stakeholders of the CSMS, which stands for Cybersecurity Management System. The CSMS is a framework for managing the cybersecurity of industrial automation and control systems (IACS) based on the ISA/IEC 62443-2-1 standard1. The CSMS defines the objectives, policies, metrics, and governance for the overall ICS security program2. The CSMS also includes the processes for risk assessment, security design, implementation, monitoring, and improvement3. Safety management staff are involved in the CSMS development and implementation, as they are responsible for ensuring the safety of the IACS and the people, environment, and assets that depend on it. Safety management staff need to coordinate with the security management staff to align the safety and security requirements, identify and mitigate the safety risks arising from cyber threats, and monitor and respond to safety incidents caused by cyberattacks.
References:
* 1: ISA/IEC 62443-2-1: Establishing an Industrial Automation and Control Systems Security Program, ISA, 2010.
* 2: A Practical Approach to Adopting the IEC 62443 Standards - ISAGCA
* 3: ISA ISA-IEC-62443 ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Online Training - Exam4Training
* [4]: Using the ISA/IEC 62443 Standards to Secure Your Control System, ISA, 2018.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Why is patch management more difficult for IACS than for business systems?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Overtime pay is required for technicians.
- B. Business systems automatically update.
- C. Many more approvals are required.
- D. Patching a live automation system can create safety risks.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 41
What is OPC?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. An open standard protocol for the communication of real-time data between devices from different manufacturers
- B. A vendor-specific proprietary protocol for the communication of real-time plant data between control devices
- C. An open standard protocol for real-time field bus communication between automation technology devices
- D. An open standard serial communications protocol widely used in industrial manufacturing environments
Answer: A
Explanation:
OPC stands for Open Platform Communications, and it is a series of standards and specifications for industrial telecommunication based on Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) for process control. It allows the communication of real-time data between devices from different manufacturers using various data transportation technologies, such as Microsoft's OLE, COM, DCOM, .NET, XML, and TCP123. OPC is not a protocolitself, but rather a standardized approach for data connectivity supported by the OPC Foundation3. OPC is widely used in industrial automation and control systems, as well as other industries, to achieve interoperability and integration between different applications and devices3.
A is incorrect, because OPC is not a field bus protocol, but rather a standard for data exchange between devices that may use different field bus protocols, such as Modbus, Profibus, or Ethernet/IP2. C is incorrect, because OPC is not a serial communications protocol, but rather a standard that can use various data transportation technologies, including serial, Ethernet, or wireless2. D is incorrect, because OPC is not a vendor-specific proprietary protocol, but rather an open standard that can be implemented by any vendor or device that supports the OPC specifications3. References: 1: Open Platform Communications - Wikipedia 2: What is OPC Protocol - The Automization 3: What is OPC? - OPC Foundation
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which of the following ISA-99 (IEC 62443) Reference Model levels is named correctly?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Level 4: Process
- B. Level 3: Operations Management
- C. Level 2: Quality Control
- D. Level 1: Supervisory Control
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 43
What type of security level defines what a component or system is capable of meeting?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Achieved security level
- B. Capability security level
- C. Target security level
- D. Design security level
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 44
Which layer in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model would include the use of the File Transfer
Protocol (FTP)?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Data link layer
- B. Session layer
- C. Application layer
- D. Transport layer
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 45
What does the abbreviation CSMS round in ISA 62443-2-1 represent?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Cyber Security Monitoring System
- B. Control System Monitoring System
- C. Cyber Security Management System
- D. Control System Management System
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 46
What are the connections between security zones called?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Pathways
- B. Conduits
- C. Firewalls
- D. Tunnels
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the ISA/IEC 62443 standard, the connections between security zones are called conduits. A conduit is defined as a logical or physical grouping of communication channels connecting two or more zones that share common security requirements. A conduit can be used to control and monitor the data flow between zones, and to apply security measures such as encryption, authentication, filtering, or logging. A conduit can also be used to isolate zones from each other in case of a security breach or incident. A conduit can be implemented using various technologies, such as firewalls, routers, switches, cables, or wireless links.
However, these technologies are not synonymous with conduits, as they are only components of a conduit. A firewall, for example, can be used to create multiple conduits between different zones, or to protect a single zone fromexternal threats. Therefore, the other options (firewalls, tunnels, and pathways) are not correct names for the connections between security zones. References:
* ISA/IEC 62443-3-2:2016 - Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-2: Security risk assessment and system design1
* ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-3: System security requirements and security levels2
* Zones and Conduits | Tofino Industrial Security Solution3
* Key Concepts of ISA/IEC 62443: Zones & Security Levels | Dragos4
NEW QUESTION # 47
What are the two sublayers of Layer 2?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. LLC and MAC
- B. HIDS and NIDS
- C. VLAN and VPN
- D. OPC and DCOM
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 48
What is the purpose of ISO/IEC 15408 (Common Criteria)?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. To describe what constitutes a secure product
- B. To describe a process for risk management
- C. To define a security management organization
- D. To define a product development evaluation methodology
Answer: D
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 15408, also known as the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation, is an international standard that provides a framework for evaluating the security of IT products and systems. The purpose of the standard is to define a common set of requirements for the security functions and assurance measures of IT products and systems, and to establish a common methodology for conducting security evaluations. The standard allows users to specify their security needs and expectations in a Security Target (ST), which may be based on one or more Protection Profiles (PPs)that define security requirements for a class of products or systems. Vendors can then implement or claim compliance with the ST or PPs, and have their products or systems evaluated by independent testing laboratories against the security criteria defined in the standard. The standard also defines a scale of Evaluation Assurance Levels (EALs) that indicate the degree of confidence in the security of the evaluated product or system. The standard is intended to facilitate the development, procurement, and use of secure IT products and systems, and to promote the recognition and acceptance of evaluation results across different countries and regions. References:
* ISO/IEC 15408-1:2009 - Common Criteria Evaluation for IT Security - Nemko1
* Common Criteria - Wikipedia2
* ISO/IEC Standard 15408 - ENISA3
NEW QUESTION # 49
Which is the BEST practice when establishing security zones?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Security zones should align with physical network segments.
- B. Security zones should contain assets that share common security requirements.
- C. All components in a large or complex system should be in the same security zone.
- D. Assets within the same logical communication network should be in the same security zone.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which is a physical layer standard for serial communications between two or more devices?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. RS435
- B. RS432
- C. RS232
- D. RS235
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 51
What is a feature of an asymmetric key?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Shares the same key OD.
- B. Has lower network overhead
- C. Uses different keys
- D. Uses a continuous stream
Answer: C
Explanation:
An asymmetric key is a feature of asymmetric cryptography, also known as public-key cryptography, which is a method of encrypting and decrypting data using two different keys: a public key and a private key. The public key can be shared with anyone, while the private key must be kept secret by the owner. The public key and the private key aremathematically related, but it is computationally infeasible to derive one from the other.
Asymmetric cryptography can be used for various purposes, such as digital signatures, key exchange, and encryption. For example, if Alice wants to send a message to Bob, she can use Bob's public key to encrypt the message, and only Bob can decrypt it using his private key. Alternatively, if Bob wants to prove that he is the author of a message, he can use his private key to sign the message, and anyone can verify it using his public key. Asymmetric cryptography has some advantages over symmetric cryptography, which uses the same key for both encryption and decryption. For instance, asymmetric cryptography does not require a secure channel to distribute the keys, and it can provide non-repudiation and authentication. However, asymmetric cryptography also has some drawbacks, such as higher computational complexity, larger key sizes, and higher network overhead.
References:
* ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2018, Section 4.2.3.6.1, Cryptography1
* ISA/IEC 62443-4-2:2019, Section 4.2.3.6.1, Cryptography
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Study Guide, Section 5.3.1, Cryptography
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Exam Specification, Section 5.3.1,
* Cryptography
NEW QUESTION # 52
Which of the following refers to internal rules that govern how an organization protects critical system
resources?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Formal guidance
- B. Legislation
- C. Security policy
D- Code of conduct
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which of the following is an activity that should trigger a review of the CSMS?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Budgeting
- B. New technical controls
- C. Organizational restructuring
- D. Security incident exposing previously unknown risk.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 54
Which of the following can be employed as a barrier device in a segmented network?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Domain controller
- B. VPN
- C. Router
- D. Unmanaged switch
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 55
Whose responsibility is it to determine the level of risk an organization is willing to tolerate?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Legal Department
- B. Safety Department
- C. Management
- D. Operations Department
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 56
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ISA-IEC-62443 [Jun-2024] Newly Released] ISA-IEC-62443 Exam Questions For You To Pass: https://exam-labs.itpassleader.com/ISA/ISA-IEC-62443-dumps-pass-exam.html